Question 1: Which of the following food substances is digested in the stomach?
Answer: D) Proteins
Explanation: Proteins are digested in the stomach by the action of pepsin and hydrochloric acid. Carbohydrates and fats are partially digested in the stomach but the bulk of digestion for these macronutrients occurs in the small intestine.
Question 2: The conversion of excess amino acids into urea occurs in the
Answer: D) Liver
Explanation: Excess amino acids are deaminated in the liver, and the resulting ammonia is converted into urea through the urea cycle. The urea is then transported to the kidneys for excretion.
Question 3: For pollination and fruit formation, the essential part(s) of the flower should be the
Answer: C) Pistil (gynoecium)
Explanation: The pistil (gynoecium) is the female reproductive organ of a flower and consists of the stigma, style, and ovary. Pollination occurs when pollen from the male reproductive organ (stamen) lands on the stigma, and fertilization occurs when the pollen tube grows through the style and into the ovary, where it fertilizes the ovules. The fertilized ovules develop into seeds, and the ovary develops into a fruit.
Question 4: Which one of the following parts of the mammalian body is most closely associated with the production of urine?
Answer: A) Malpighian capsule
Explanation: The Malpighian capsule, also called Bowman’s capsule, is a cup-shaped structure in the kidney that encloses the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where blood filtration takes place. The Malpighian capsule and the renal tubules together make up a nephron, the functional unit of the kidney that produces urine.
Question 5: A potometer is used to determine the rate at which a shoot
Answer: E) Transpires
Explanation: A potometer is a device used to measure the rate of transpiration in a plant by measuring the rate of water uptake in a cut shoot. Transpiration is the process by which water is lost from the leaves of a plant in the form of water vapor, and it is an important mechanism for regulating plant water balance and cooling the leaves.
Question 6: A green plant growing in a compost pit is feeding
Answer: C) Saprophytically
Explanation: A saprophyte is an organism that obtains its nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter. In a compost pit, there is a lot of decaying organic matter, and a green plant growing in such an environment is likely to be obtaining its nutrients in a saprophytic manner.
Question 7: The part of the cell solely responsible for respiration is the
Answer: C) Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria are organelles found in eukaryotic cells that are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through the process of cellular respiration. This process occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria and involves a series of biochemical reactions that convert glucose and other nutrients into ATP.
Question 8: In anaerobic respiration, glucose is converted to one of the following
Answer: C) Carbon dioxide and alcohol
Explanation: Anaerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen. In this process, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, which is then converted into either lactic acid or alcohol and carbon dioxide, depending on the type of organism and the conditions of the environment.
Question 9: During excretion of urea, there is also a corresponding re-absorption of water into the blood. This re-absorption takes place